BDD - Driven First - Order Satisfiability Procedures ( Extended Version )

نویسندگان

  • Silvio Ranise
  • David Déharbe
چکیده

Providing a high degree of automation to discharge proof obligations in (fragments of) first-order logic is a crucial activity in many verification efforts. Unfortunately, this is quite a difficult task. On the one hand, reasoning modulo ubiquitous theories (such as lists, arrays, and Presburger arithmetic) is essential. On the other hand, to effectively incorporate this theory specific reasoning in boolean manipulations requires a substantial work. In this paper, we propose a simple technique to cope with such difficulties whose aim is to check the validity of universally quantified formulae with arbitrary boolean structure modulo an equational theory. Our approach combines BDDs with refutation theorem proving. The former allows us to compactly represent the boolean structure of formulae, the latter to effectively mechanize the reasoning in equational theories. We report some experimental results on formulae extracted from software verification efforts which confirm both the flexibility and the viability of our approach. Key-words: Automated deduction, saturation theorem proving, satisfiability procedures, first-order equational theories, theory of arrays, theory of lists, boolean reasoning, BDDs ∗ [email protected] (DIMAp — UFRN) † This work was realized while the first author was on a post-doctoral stay at INRIA-Lorraine, thanks in part to a financial support by CAPES grant BEX0006/02-5. ‡ [email protected] (INRIA — Lorraine) Procédures de satisfaisabilité du premier ordre dirigées par des BDDs Résumé : Pour de nombreuses activités de vérification, il est crucial de disposer d’un niveau important d’automatisation dans des fragments de la logique du premier ordre, afin de pouvoir traiter de forme mécanique des obligations de preuve. Si, le raisonnement dans des théories courantes (comme la théorie des tableaux, des listes, ou l’arithmétique de Presburger) est essentiel, il est cependant difficile d’incorporer de forme efficace de raisonnement spécifique dans des manipulations booléennes. Dans ce rapport, nous proposons une technique simple qui s’attache à traiter ce problème, et dont le but est de vérifier la validité de formules quantifiées universellement, ayant une structure booléenne arbitraire, et cela, modulo une théorie équationnelle. Cette approche combine les BDDs avec la preuve de théorèmes par réfutation. Les BDDs permettent une représentation compacte de la structure booléenne des formules, tandis que la preuve par réfutation est une forme efficace de mécaniser le raisonnement dans des théories équationnelles. Nous relatons également des résultats expérimentaux sur des formules provenant de la vérification de programmes, qui confirment à la fois la flexibilité et la viabilité de cette approche. Mots-clés : Déduction automatique, preuve de théorèmes par saturation, procédures de satisfaisabilité, théories équationnelles du premier ordre, théorie des tableaux, théorie des listes, raisonnement booléen, BDDs BDD-Driven First-Order Satisfiability Procedures 3

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تاریخ انتشار 2002